ʻAʻole hiki iā Kina ke piʻi hou i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o kāna ʻoihana hana no ka mea ke piʻi nui nei ka hana ma laila a ʻaʻole paʻa ka hoʻohālikelike geo-political me ke ao Komohana, no laila ke ʻimi nei nā mea hoʻopukapuka a me nā ʻoihana hoʻokele waiwai.Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā lole o USA, EU, Kanada a me nā mākeke lole nui ʻē aʻe i ka honua e kokoke koke ana i ka pae pre-pandemic.Ke hōʻike nei nā hale hana ma India a me Bangladesh e hoʻopaʻa i kā lākou mau mana holoʻokoʻa a hiki i Dekemaba i kēia makahiki ke hele nei lākou no ka hoʻonui hou ʻana e hoʻonui i nā mana i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.
Ke emi nei ka mana o Kina i nā lole a me nā lole lole, inā he mea e hele ai ka ʻikepili.ʻO ke ʻano o nā mea kūʻai aku e neʻe aku mai Kina i hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 2016-2017 i ka wā i hoʻonui ai ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka hana ʻana i ke kumu kūʻai lole a waiho ʻia nā mea kūʻai aku me ka ʻole o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā wahi ʻē aʻe.A laila hele mai ʻo COVID-19 i hoʻoluliluli i ka honua holoʻokoʻa a me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā lole i neʻe ʻia i nā ʻāina e like me Bangladesh, India, Pakistan a me Indonesia.ʻO nā hana hewa ʻole i kona ʻāina ʻo Xinjiang i hoʻopōʻino hou i ka inoa o ka ʻoihana lole lole a me nā lole Kina.Ua lawa kēia mau kumu a pau e noʻonoʻo ai ʻaʻole hiki ke piʻi hou ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe o ka hana ʻana i nā lole (no nā mākeke kūʻai aku) ma Kina.
No laila, he aha ka ʻōlelo a nā helu kūhelu e pili ana i ka emi ʻana o ka lawe ʻana aku o Kina?ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā lole o Kina i kāna huakaʻi kūʻai nui loa ʻo ʻAmelika ua emi iho ma kahi o 9.65 pākēneka i nā makahiki ʻeono i hala aku nei i ka emi ʻana o ka māhele o Kina i nā lole lole US i 24.03 pākēneka i 2021 mai 35.86 pākēneka i 2015.
No laila, he aha ka ʻōlelo a nā helu kūhelu e pili ana i ka emi ʻana o ka lawe ʻana aku o Kina?ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā lole o Kina i kāna huakaʻi kūʻai nui loa ʻo ʻAmelika ua emi iho ma kahi o 9.65 pākēneka i nā makahiki ʻeono i hala aku nei i ka emi ʻana o ka māhele o Kina i nā lole lole US i 24.03 pākēneka i 2021 mai 35.86 pākēneka i 2015.
Ma nā huaʻōlelo waiwai, ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku o Kina i nā lole i ʻAmelika he US $ 30.54 biliona i ka makahiki 2015, kahi i hōʻemi ʻia i ka US $ 19.61 biliona i 2021 a ʻo ia hoʻi ka lilo o US $ 10.93 biliona i nā loaʻa kālā no Kina ma ka mākeke US wale nō ma luna o kahi. manawa o eha makahiki!
ʻO ka mea nui, ua emi nui nā kumukūʻai o nā ʻāpana lole Kina i US $ 1.76 no SME i 2021 mai US $ 2.35 no SME i 2017 - ʻo ia ka 25.10 pākēneka hāʻule i nā kumukūʻai.ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, i ka manawa like (2017-2021), ua emi wale nā kumukūʻai o ka US ma 7 pākēneka mai US $ 2.98 no SME i 2021 a i US $ 2.77 no SME i 2021.
Inā noʻonoʻo ʻia ka mākeke ʻEulopa, hui pū ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻopuka nui loa o ka honua i nā lole a me nā helu no kahi kokoke i 21 pākēneka o ka waiwai hoʻokomo lole o ka honua, e like me ka World Trade Organization (WTO).Ma ke ʻano o ka nui o nā lole i hoʻohana ʻia, ua lawe mai ʻo EU ma kahi o 25 biliona mau ʻāpana lole i 2021, mai 19 biliona i 2015.
ʻIke ʻia ka emi ʻana o Kina ma ka mākeke lole EU, ʻoiai ma kahi o 1.50 pākēneka ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka hana a me ke kumukūʻai.ʻO Kina ka mea kūʻai lole nui loa i ka EU e helu ana i ka 30 pākēneka o ka waiwai o ka EU imports (Extra EU-27) i ka makahiki 2021, aʻo kāna kaʻana waiwai i hōʻemi ʻia mai € 21.90 biliona i 2015 a i € 21.67 biliona i 2021.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Kina i kāna hoʻouna ʻana i nā lole i Kanada a ua hōʻemi ʻia kāna ʻāpana i nā waiwai hoʻokomo lole Kanada e 7.50 pākēneka mai 2017 a 2021 manawa.
E emi ana ka Kina a ʻo kona mau hoa pili ʻĀsia e loaʻa koke i nā manawa…
ʻAʻole hiki iā Kina ke piʻi hou i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o kāna ʻoihana hana no ka mea ke piʻi nui nei ka hana ma laila a ʻaʻole paʻa ka hoʻohālikelike geo-political me ke ao Komohana, no laila ke ʻimi nei nā mea hoʻopukapuka a me nā ʻoihana hoʻokele waiwai.Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā lole o USA, EU, Kanada a me nā mākeke lole nui ʻē aʻe i ka honua e kokoke koke ana i ka pae pre-pandemic.Ke hōʻike nei nā hale hana ma India, Bangladesh a me Pakistan hoʻi ua hoʻopaʻa i kā lākou mau mana holoʻokoʻa a hiki i Dekemaba i kēia makahiki ke hele nei lākou no ka hoʻonui hou ʻana e hoʻonui i nā mana i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.
● Pehea ʻo India?
Ma waena o ka emi ʻana o Kina, ua hiki i India ke hopu i nā kauoha e neʻe ana mai Kina.Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻoihana kūʻai lole o India, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā kauoha ikaika a me ke ola hou ʻana o ka ʻoihana kūʻai honua, ua hoʻonui ʻia kāna loaʻa kālā ma 24 pākēneka ma 2021 ma 2020.
E like me ka ʻikepili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e Team Apparel Resources, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo India i $ 15.21 biliona i ka makahiki kalena 2021 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me US $ 12.27 biliona i 2020. ʻO ka wahi kiʻekiʻe loa o ka lawe ʻana aku i nā lole no India i ka makahiki 2021 ʻo ia ʻo USA kahi i hoʻouna aku ai nā mea kūʻai aku he US $ 4.78 biliona waiwai. nā lole, e ʻike ana i ka ulu ʻana o 44.93 pākēneka.ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā lole o India i ʻAmelika i ka makahiki 2021, ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i kāna hana hoʻopuka lole maikaʻi loa i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala, e hōʻailona ana i ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i kāna huakaʻi kiʻekiʻe ma hope o kahi maʻi maʻi pōʻino.ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka ʻāpana o India i nā waiwai hoʻokomo lole US he 4.29 pākēneka wale nō i ka makahiki 2015, a ua piʻi i kēia manawa a hiki i 5.13 pākēneka i 2021.
ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i USA ma 2021 ua ʻoi aku ma mua o nā helu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki pre-pandemic 2019 i ka wā i lawe mai ai ʻo USA i nā lole mai India i $ 4.34 biliona.ʻO ke kumu ikaika e loaʻa ai ʻo India i ka ʻoihana no ka mea he ʻāina ʻo ia ka hale hana pulupulu kuʻuna a ʻike ʻia he ʻano ʻē aʻe i Kina mai nā manawa a pau, akā naʻe ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kona hiki maoli i ka ʻoihana textile.I kēia mau lā i hala iho nei, ua piʻi nui nā mea kūʻai aku i ka pulupulu, nā pulupulu, nā pulupulu, a me nā lole a ʻoi aku ka manaʻo o ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻomau i ka haʻalele ʻana mai Kina no kekahi manawa i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
No laila, ʻaʻole ma nā pepa wale nō ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻoihana mai Kina e like me ka lono ʻia e kekahi poʻe kuleana o ka ʻoihana…
● Ua ʻike ʻo Bangladesh i ka huli ʻana o nā lole lole kiʻekiʻe loa i ka makahiki 2021 – mahalo nui i nā kauoha hoʻololi mai Kina
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kūʻai aku RMG o Bangladesh e hōʻike ana i kā lākou mea kūʻai aku, ka poʻe i hele mua mai Kina, ua hoʻomaka e kau i nā kauoha ma Bangladesh.ʻOiai ka nui o nā poʻo honua a me nā maʻi maʻi COVID-19 i 2021, ua hiki i ka ʻāina ke hōʻemi i ka US $ 35.81 biliona (ʻoi aku ma mua o 31 pākēneka YoY) i ka huli ʻana i ka makahiki i hala, ʻo ia ka loaʻa kālā kiʻekiʻe loa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki kalena.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kūʻai aku RMG o Bangladesh e hōʻike ana i kā lākou mea kūʻai aku, ka poʻe i hele mua mai Kina, ua hoʻomaka e kau i nā kauoha ma Bangladesh.ʻOiai ka nui o nā poʻo honua a me nā maʻi maʻi COVID-19 i 2021, ua hiki i ka ʻāina ke hōʻemi i ka US $ 35.81 biliona (ʻoi aku ma mua o 31 pākēneka YoY) i ka huli ʻana i ka makahiki i hala, ʻo ia ka loaʻa kālā kiʻekiʻe loa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki kalena.
Ua loaʻa i ka mākeke EU (me UK) he US $ 21.74 biliona kālā hoʻoiho no Bangladesh i piʻi ʻia e 27.74 pākēneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ua kamaʻilio ʻo Team Apparel Resources i kekahi mau hale hana ma Dhaka a hōʻoia inā e neʻe ana ka ʻoihana mai Kina a Bangladesh.
Ke kākoʻo nei i ka ʻōlelo, ʻo Humayun Kabir Salim, MD, KFL Group, e hoʻokumu ana i kahi hale hana ʻeke kiʻekiʻe ma Dhaka, i ʻōlelo ʻia, "No ka mea aia kahi koi no nā ʻeke ma ka mākeke honua, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Khantex e hoʻololi i kēia. ʻoihana.Ke koi ʻia nei ka noi ma Bangladesh e nā hōʻailona e like me Inditex, Gap, Next, C&A a me Primark nāna i hoʻohana i nā lole a me nā lole waho mai Kina a me Vietnam.Akā ke neʻe nei kēlā mau kauoha i Bangladesh no ka mea ua pani ʻo COVID-19 i ka hale hana ma Kina, aʻo Vietnam e piha nei i kēia manawa.
Ua hōʻike pū kekahi pūʻulu denim bigwig Armana i ka neʻe ʻana mai Kina a me Vietnam no ka mea ua hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe kūʻai aku i ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻolālā ʻo 'China plus One' no kā lākou mea e pono ai.ʻO ke kumu ʻē aʻe o Bangladesh e kūleʻa ai i ka hopu ʻana i nā kauoha hoʻololi, ʻo ia ka hiki ke hoʻokumu i nā hale hana ʻoi aku ka hoʻokō ʻana ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia Hema a ʻo nā hoʻopukapuka āpau i hana ʻia i nā makahiki 5 i hala iho nei e kūkulu i nā hale hana ʻōmaʻomaʻo honua i kēia manawa ke uku nei!
"ʻO kā mākou mau ʻāpana he 3 miliona i kēlā me kēia mahina ma waena o nā hale hana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa a ʻo kēia no ka mea ua hoʻololi kā mākou mea kūʻai aku i nā kauoha he nui mai Kina a i Bangladesh ʻoiai ke hoʻomau nei ʻo Kina me COVID-19 a me nā pilikia politika," wahi a Sandeep. ʻO Golam, Luna Hoʻokele o ka Hana, Armana Group.
ʻOiai nā helu helu e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā ʻōlelo a nā mea kūʻai aku… Ua noho ʻo Bangladesh i mea kūʻai aku i nā lole denim kiʻekiʻe i USA no ka lua o ka makahiki ma 2021.
I ka makahiki 2019, ka makahiki maʻamau pre-pandemic - kū ʻo Bangladesh i ke kolu o ka US denim apparel import tally, e waiho ana ma hope o Mexico a me Kina.A, i nā manawa hoʻopilikia, ua ʻoi aku ʻo Bangladesh ma mua o nā ʻāina ʻelua i luna o ka tally.Ua hoʻopau ka ʻāina i ka makahiki 2020 me US $ 561.29 miliona ka waiwai o nā lole denim i hoʻoiho ʻia i USA e like me US $ 469.12 miliona o Mexico a me US $ 331.93 miliona o Kina.
Ua hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana a hiki i ka makahiki 2021 i ka manawa i hōʻike hou ai ʻo Bangladesh i kona noho aliʻi ʻana i ka ʻāpana denim ʻoiai ʻo ia i poʻokela i ka papa inoa me US $ 798.42 miliona ka waiwai o ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā lole denim i kāna huakaʻi nui loa, e ʻike ana i ka ulu ʻana o 42.25 pākēneka YoY.
ʻO ka mea nui ma aneʻi ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka māhele o Bangladesh i 21.70 pākēneka i 2021 mai 15.65 pākēneka i 2019 i nā waiwai import US, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i ʻAmelika ke ʻoi aku i kāna mau waiwai import 2019 i ka māhele lole denim.
● He aha ka mea e hiki mai ana no India a me Bangladesh e hoʻomau i ka ʻōleʻa pōleʻa?
Nui nā mea e hana ʻia e hoʻomau i kēia ulu ulu ʻana a ʻaʻole waiho ʻo India a me Bangladesh i kahi pōhaku i hoʻohuli ʻole ʻia e hoʻokō i nā loaʻa kālā kiʻekiʻe o ka lawe ʻana i nā lole i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
Ua neʻe ka manaʻo o nā ʻāina ʻelua i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā loaʻa kālā hou aʻe i nā lole e pili ana i ka MMF.ʻO ka hana lole lole MMF ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa he US $ 200 biliona manawa kūpono a kiʻi wale i ka 10 pākēneka o ia mea hiki ke lawe i ka ʻāina i US $ 20 biliona e pono ai ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kaulahao lako e hoʻomaka me ka hoʻolālā, hoʻomohala huahana, hoʻomohala lole a me nā lole.
Nui loa ka manawa kūpono a hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻikepili lawe mai o ka ʻoihana nui loa o India e hoʻopuka ana i nā lole ʻAmelika i lawe mai i ka US $ 39 biliona waiwai o nā lole MMF i 2021 a aneane like me kāna mau waiwai hoʻokomo lole pulupulu (US $ 39.30). piliona).Ke ʻeli hou aʻe i ka ʻikepili, ʻike ʻo Team Apparel Resources 'ʻo ka māhele o India i nā lole MMF i lawe ʻia mai ka USA he 2.10 pākēneka (US $ 815.62 miliona), aʻo nā lole pulupulu i hoʻokaʻawale i ka mākeke mākeke kiʻekiʻe o 8.22 pākēneka (US $ 3.23 biliona) .A pili like i nā mākeke koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ʻEulopa, UAE, Iapana, Kanada, a me Australia kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai nā lole MMF o India i kaʻana like ma kahi o 20-22 pākēneka, ʻoiai ʻo nā lole pulupulu he 75 pākēneka o kāna mau waiwai kūʻai.
Pēlā nō, ʻo ka ʻāpana o Bangladesh i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā lole MMF o USA he 4.62 pākēneka (US $ 1.78 biliona), ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka mea i 2020 (3.96 pākēneka) a ma 2019 (3.20 pākēneka).ʻOiai ma ka mākeke EU, ʻo ka hapa o Bangladesh o nā lole MMF e lele ana ma lalo o 4 pākēneka i 2021. ʻOiaʻiʻo ke ʻohi nei a pono e piʻi nā hana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-23-2022